50 Practical Knowledge Every Civil Engineer Should Know

50 Practical Knowledge for Civil Engineers, we are going to discuss 50+ Civil engineering Knowledge, which every civil engineer must have to know. In the daily work schedule, we civil engineers are facing many problems from lack of knowing very basic things. We are going to share with you those basic technical things in a bunch.

1.	What is the Height of a Single Storey Building?
Ans	3.15 m
2.	What is the volume of One bag cement?
Ans	0.347 Cum or 1.25 Cubic feet.
3.	What is the Weight of one bag cement?
Ans	50 Kg
4.	What is initial Setting time of Cement?
Ans	30 min
5.	Final Setting time of Cement for Ordinary Portland Cement is ?
Ans	10 hours
6.	What is the minimum nos of bar for a rectangular column?
Ans	4 Nos
7.	What is minimum nos of bar for circular column?
Ans	6 Nos
8.	What is the size of Concrete cube?
Ans	150 x 150 x 150 mm
9	How much layer needs to fill a concrete cube for testing?
Ans	3 layers
10	How much layer needs to fill a slump for slump test?
Ans	4 Layers

11.	What is the Validity of use of Cement?
Ans	It is 3 months from Manufacturing
12.	For which test Universal Testing Machine is used?
Ans	Compression test of Concrete and Tensile test of reinforcement.
13.	What is the minimum curing period for concrete?
Ans	In normal Weather, it is seven days. For Dry or Hot weather, it is 10 Days.
14.	What is Deflection?
Ans	Deflection means temporary displacement
15.	What is deformation?
Ans	Deformation is a permanent displacement.
16.	What Is the formula for tensile strength of concrete?
Ans	0.7 route fck
17.	Which grade of concrete are called Ordinary Concrete?
Ans	M10 to M20 concrete are ordinary concrete.
18.	Which grade of concrete are called Standard Concrete?
Ans	M25 to M35
19.	Which grade of concrete are called High Strength Concrete?
Ans	M60 to M80
20.	How much time required to mix concrete in a mixture machine?
Ans	Minimum 2-3 min needs to mix concrete in a mixture machine.

21.	Which dia meter of bar should be used for Chairs?
Ans	Minimum 12 mm dia bar.
22.	What is the Minimum Cover for Footing , Column, Slab and Beam?
Ans	Minimum cover should be: Footing-50 mm, Column-40 mm, Slab- 20 mm, Beam-25 mm
23.	What is the ratio of most used cement concrete M10, M15, M20, M25?
Ans	For M10-(1:3:6), M15-(1:2:4), M20-1:1.5:3, M25-(1:1:2) The ratio is like Cement: Sand: Aggregates.
24.	What is the minimum thickness of slab?
Ans	Minimum thickness of slab should be 125 mm
25.	How much water absorption is allowed for brick?
Ans	Not more than 20 %
26.	What is the minimum Diameter for dowels bar?
Ans	Minimum 12 mm dia bar.
27.	What is the minimum allowable PH value of water?
Ans	It is not less than 6.
28.	What is the lap length of bars for compression zone?
Ans	24 d
29.	What is the lap length of bar for M20 Grade Concrete?
Ans	For Column-45d, Beam-60d, Slabs -60d.
30.	What is the lap length of bars for Tension zone?
Ans	50d to 60 d, d=dia of bar.

31.	What is Segregation of Concrete? and why its caused?
Ans	The separation of sand, cement, aggregates in concrete is called Separation of Concrete. Its caused due to improper water cement ratio. Also caused for poured above 1.5 height.
32.	What is the storage procedure of Cement?
Ans	1. Always store cement in a dry place. 2. Provide a gap of 300 mm from walls. 3. Never place cement bag direct in the floor always provide a 200 mm minimum height from floor. 4. Never put more than 10 nos of bag in a stack. 5. Keep in mind never make a cement storage near chemically effected floor or area and moisture effective area.
33.	Calculations for no of stirrup in a abeam?
Ans	Clear Span/ c/c Spacing+1
34.	What is TMT?
Ans	Thermomechanical Treated Bar.
35.	What is TMX?
Ans	Thermax Powered Bar.
36.	What is SD?
Ans	Super Ductile Bars.
37.	What is HYSD?
Ans	High Yield Strength Deformed Bars.
38.	What is CTD?
Ans	Cold Twisted Deformed Bar.
39.	What is the angle of staircase flight?
Ans	It is between 25 degree to 40 degree.
40	What is the minimum and maximum height of riser for residential building?
Ans	150 mm to 200 mm

41.	What is the minimum and maximum width of tread for residential building?
Ans	250 mm to 300 mm
42.	What is the minimum Hook length for bars?
Ans	It is 9D. (D-is dia of bar)
43.	How much bricks needs for 1 Cum Brick of 230 mm brick wall /work?
Ans	496 Nos
44.	How much bricks need for 115 mm thk brick work?
Ans	56 nos / Sqm
45.	What is Bleeding in Concrete?
Ans	When water comes out from a just made concrete or fresh concrete then it is called bleeding of concrete
46.	What is the maximum free fall for concrete?
Ans	Maximum allowable height of concrete free fall is 1.5 m.
47.	What is the Angle of hook in stirrups?
Ans	135 degree.
48.	How much bars should be lapped in a bar bending zone?
Ans	Not more than 50%
49.	What is the volume of one bag cement?
Ans	0.0347 cum or 1.23 CFT
50.	Calculations for weight of steel bars?
Ans	(D^2 xL)/162